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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 67(2): 136-138, 2002. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-326029

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio para analizar la frecuencia de patología endometrial en mujeres posmenopáusicas sanas con sangrado uterino anormal bajo terapia de remplazo hormonal (TRH). Se estudiaron 104 mujeres posmenopáusicas que presentaron sangrado uterino anormal (irregular o excesivo) durante THR con estrógenos y progesterona en diferentes esquemas (57 por ciento secuencial continuo; 31 por ciento combinado continuo; 12 por ciento secuencial discontinuo). A todas las pacientes se les realizó una biopsia ambulatoria aspirativa de endometrio. El procedimiento fue bien tolerado y no se observaron complicaciones hemorrágicas o infecciosas. Los resultados histológicos fueron los siguientes: endometrio secretor 38.5 por ciento; endometrio proliferativo 25 por ciento; endometrio atrófico 11.5 por ciento; hierplasia endometrial sin atipias 4.8 por ciento; pólipo endometrial benigno 2.9 por ciento; tejido endometrial benigno, inactivo o fragmentos de epitelio 11.5 por ciento; adenocarcinoma de endometrio 1 por ciento y ausencia de tejido endometrial 4.8 por ciento. La biopsia aspirativa de endometrio permitió conocer la situación endometrial en alrededor del 95 por ciento de las pacientes. Muestra insuficiente para diagnóstico se obtuvo en un 5 por ciento de los casos siguriendo atrofía endometrial o patología focal no diagnosticada por el método. La ausencia de lesiones premalignas y la baja incidencia de patología maligna de endometrio en nuestro estudio confirman su baja incidencia en mujeres que reciben esquemas adecuados de terapia de remplazo hormonal


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Endometrial Hyperplasia , Endometrial Neoplasms , Estrogen Replacement Therapy/adverse effects , Uterine Hemorrhage , Biopsy , Endometrial Hyperplasia , Endometrial Neoplasms , Endometrium , Postmenopause , Uterine Hemorrhage
3.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 64(6): 431-7, 1999. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-260208

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una caracterización clínica, hormonal, de lipoproteínas y de resistencia insulínica en 31 pacientes con síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos sin tratamiento médico. Destaca la importante frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en ellas; todas tienen índice de masa corporal aumentando, siendo el 71 por ciento obesas; 6,5 por ciento tienen presión arterial diastólica elevada; 35,5 por ciento de ellas presenta hipercolesterolemia, 13 por ciento tiene hipertrigliceridemia, y 83 por ciento son insulino resistentes. Estos hallazgos justifican la evaluación metabólica en mujeres anovulatorias hiperandrogénicas para indicar las medidas terapéuticas necesarias no sólo desde el punto de vista hormonal y de fertilidad, sino también desde el aspecto metabólico


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Hyperlipidemias/epidemiology , Insulin Resistance , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications , Anovulation/metabolism , Body Mass Index , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypercholesterolemia/epidemiology , Hypertriglyceridemia/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/metabolism
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 126(5): 481-7, mayo 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-216431

ABSTRACT

Background: Estradiol (E2) has a potent antioxidant effect on low density lipoproteins (LDL) in vitro and in vivo, which could be important in explaining the cardioprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in post menopausal women. Estriol (E3), on the other hand, is a weak estrogen with low metabolic effects on different tissues, and at present no cardioprotective effect has been attributed to this steroid. Aim: To study the antioxidant effect of E3 on LDL and to compare it with the potent antioxidant action exhibited by E2. Subjects and methods: After LDL was isolated by ultra centrifugation from plasma of 12 healthy untreated post menopausal women, it was divided into aliquots containing 0.5 mg of LDL protein. Estriol and E2 in doses of 0, 1, 5, 15 and 50 µM were incubated with different aliquots of LDL. CuSO4 15 µM was added to each aliquot to induce an oxidative stress. The aliquots were then incubated during 4 hours at 37 ­C. Malonaldehyde (MDA) was measured as a marker of LDL oxidation, and expressed as nM/mg protein. Results (mean ñ SD): Estriol induced a dose-dependent decrease in MDA concentration (baseline 62.8 ñ 21.7; 1 µM: 61.5 ñ 23.0; 5 µM: 52.9 ñ 20,3; 15 µM 43.5 ñ 20.1 and 50 µM: 31.0 ñ 17.6 nM/mg protein; F= 92.4; p< 0.0001), reaching a mean decrease of 50.7 percent at the highest dose tested. Estradiol has a similar dose-dependent decrease in MDA concentration (F= 60.2; p< 0.0001), revealing a more potent effect than E3 (p< 0.05), with a mean decrease of 67.4 percent at the highest dose tested. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that estriol shows an important antioxidant action of LDL in vitro, although its effect is less potent than estradiol. These results raise the possibility that estriol could have a cardioprotective effect in post menopausal women, possibility that has not been yet demonstrated


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Postmenopause/drug effects , Estradiol/pharmacokinetics , Estriol/pharmacokinetics , Lipoproteins, LDL , Lipid Peroxidation , Cardiovascular Diseases , Antioxidants/pharmacokinetics , Malondialdehyde/blood
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 124(12): 1439-46, dic. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-194791

ABSTRACT

Eighty three postmenopausal women without replacement hormonal therapy, 54 postmenopausal women receiving replacement hormonal therapy and 16 premenopausal women (considered as control group) were studied. Hydroxyproline was measured in an early morning urine sample, after one day of diet without meat or gelatin. Urinary hydroxyproline in premenopausal women was 33.7ñ7.9 mg/g creatinine. The figure for postmenopausal women with hormonal replacement therapy was 33.5ñ7.9 mg/g creatinine. Postmenopausal women without replacement therapy had an urinary hydroxyproline of 47.4ñ8.5 mg/g creatinine, significantly higher than that of premenopausal and supplemented women. In 21 postmenopausal women, hydroxyproline was measured before and after 3 months of replacement therapy; values decreased 35.5ñ11 percent in this period and there was a direct correlation between initial values and the degree of reduction (r=0.69, p<0.001). Postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy have a urinary hydroxyproline excretion similar to that of premenopausal women


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Estrogens/pharmacokinetics , Bone Resorption/drug therapy , Estrogen Replacement Therapy/methods , Case-Control Studies , Hydroxyproline/urine , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/drug therapy
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 124(11): 1325-33, nov. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-194500

ABSTRACT

Hydrochloric acid was added to destilled water in increasing amounts to obtain a final pH of 6.9, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 and 1.5. Eighteen commercial calcium preparations were incubated in these solutions for 60 min and dissolution velocity was measured as the percentage of elemental calcium found in solution after this incubation period. Calcium carbonate preparations had a pH 1.5. Using the solution with pH 1.5 the dissolution velocity of different preparations varied widely from 56 to 100 percent. Calcium acetate, followed by calcium citrate and dicalcic phosphate were the salts in tablets with better dissolution velocities. Among powders and effervescent preparations, those containing calcium lactogluconate and citrate had the better dissolution velocities (95 to 115 percent), that were independent of the solution's pH. A studied preparation with integral bone had a very low dissolution velocity, not surpassing 33 mg of calcium per tablet. The dissolution velocity of different calcium carbonate preparations varies greatly and in conditions of achlorhydria, it is negligible. Calcium lactogluconate and citrate dissolution velocities are independent of the solution's pH


Subject(s)
Tablets/analysis , Calcium/pharmacokinetics , In Vitro Techniques , Calcium Carbonate/pharmacokinetics , Calcium, Dietary/standards , Nutritional Requirements
9.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 51(3): 262-9, jun. 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-40112

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el análisis retrospectivo de los resultados obtenidos con manejo conservador en 62 embarazos con RPM entre 23 y 34 semanas, durante un período de seis años. La RPM ocurrió a una edad de gestación promedio de 30,4 semanas, mientras que el parto ocurrió a una edad de gestación promedio de 31,1 semanas. El período medio de latencia fue de 5,2 días. La leucocitosis materna superior a 15.000 por mm3 fue un buen signo para corioamnionitis: el 24% (15/62) desarroló corioamnionitis, lo que tuvo correlación directa con la duración del período de latencia (p = 0,001). La mayor parte de las muertes neonatales ocurrió en el grupo de muy bajo peso de nacimiento (9/12) siendo la causa principal la enfermedad de menbrana hialina (7/12). La incidencia de esta morbilidad decreció cuando el período de latencia excedió los tres días (20,5% a 15,3%), pero sin significación estadística. La supervivencia neonatal total en este estudio fue 81,5%. Los datos respaldan el manejo conservador cuando la RPM ocurre a una edad de gestación inferior a 34 semanas


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Humans , Chorioamnionitis/etiology , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/therapy , Obstetric Labor, Premature/complications , Chile , Chorioamnionitis/diagnosis
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